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991.
Chiang LY Padmawar PA Canteenwala T Tan LS He GS Kannan R Vaia R Lin TC Zheng Q Prasad PN 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2002,(17):1854-1855
The first, highly two-photon active C60 derivative comprised of a A-sp3-D conjugate structure was synthesized showing effective two-photon absorption cross-sections (sigma 2' = 196 x 10(-48) cm4 sec-1 molecule-1) in the nanosecond regime among the best values for diphenylaminofluorene-based AFX chromophores. 相似文献
992.
Trapped electrons, ec?, are produced by photoionization of K4Fc(CN)6 in 10M NaOH/H2O and 10M NaOD/D2O glasses at 4.2°K. The linewidth, ΔHms, of ec? changes reversibly between these two temperatures in contrast to the observations for organic matrics. Three proposed mechanisms including dipole relaxation of pendent molecules surrounding the electron cavity, contraction-expansion model of cavity, and electron retrapping process are each discussed. It appears that no one physical model satisfactorily accounts for the present observations. The electron retrapping process, however, might be a better condidate for interpreting the experimental results in compatible with the optical absorption data. 相似文献
993.
以电化学循环伏安、现场ESR电化学以及现场薄层电化学方法研究了电生Co(I)TPP与溴代五己烷的反机制。在DMF中,Co(Ⅱ)/Co(Ⅰ)的氧化还原有明显的催化溴代环己烷还原的特片,反现场有自由基生成,反应产物之一是Co-C键化合物,可以在1.30V(SCE)-电子还原,当存在CH2-CHCN时,。生成另一种Co-C键化合物,该化合物在-1.10V(SCE)处一电子还原,证明溴代环己烷与Co(I) 相似文献
994.
Tzu-Chu Lin 《Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications》1984,103(2):565-574
The A. J. Burton and G. F. Miller integral equation formulation for the exterior Neumann problem for the Helmholtz equation [Proc. Roy. Soc. London Ser. A323 (1971), 201–210] is one of the most important integral equation approaches in that area. However, the kind of space settings they are working with is not clear. Evidently, the Fredholm integral equation of the second kind which they deduced is not well defined on the usual C(S) or L2(S), where S is a closed bounded smooth surface. In this paper, appropriate space settings are found and a rigorous existence and uniqueness proof for their integral equation formulation is given. 相似文献
995.
The charge transport properties of mer-tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminum(III) (mer-Alq), which is the most widely used electron transport material in OLED, were investigated by quantum chemistry calculations within the framework of the charge hopping model and Marcus electron transfer theory. Internal reorganization energies of 0.276 and 0.242 eV were calculated by the DFT-B3LYP method employing a 6-31 G* basis set for the electrons lambdai(e) and holes lambdai(h), respectively. The relative distances and orientations of Alq molecules in amorphous film were simulated by those in the beta-phase. The intermolecular charge-transfer integrals, Hda(h) and Hda(e), along all 14 hopping pathways were then calculated by the Koopmans Theorem in conjunction with the Hartree-Fock method employing a 6-31 G* basis set as well as by the direct coupling method. The results showed that there were some Hda(e) that were 1 order of magnitude larger than any Hda(h), because hopping pathways with effective overlaps of LUMOs can occur and, thus, large Hda(e). On the other hand, effective overlap of HOMO was absent in all pathways, resulting in a relatively small Hda(h). This difference in the magnitudes of Hda(e) and Hda(h) would predict a 2 orders of magnitude difference in the electron-transfer rate constants and account for the observed 2 orders of magnitude difference in the mobilities of electrons and holes. 相似文献
996.
The use of a low-temperature (0 degrees C) bath-assisted coupled capillary for the separation of naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde (NDA)-derivatized dopamine and norepinephrine using the sweeping-micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC) mode is described. In this technique, a capillary consisting of two portions with different inside diameters is used. Therefore, the field strength inside the capillary is different. Hence, the electrophoretic migration velocities of the analytes and the electro-osmotic flow (EOF) also are different. Furthermore, when a portion of the capillary (wide portion, used for sweeping) is immersed in a low-temperature bath, the viscosity of the buffer and the retention factor of the analytes inside are increased. Thus, not only are the interactions between the SDS micelles and the analytes increased, but the SDS-analytes also move more slowly. As a result, a more complete separation can be achieved, even when the sample injection volume is large, up to approximately 2 microL. In general, when the volume of an injected sample is larger, the effects of sweeping and separation would become insufficient, especially when the retention values (k) of the analytes are quite different. However, this limitation can be improved when the low-temperature bath/coupled capillary/sweeping-MEKC mode is used. 相似文献
997.
There is a concentration-polarization (CP) force acting on a particle submerged in an electrolyte solution with a concentration (conductivity) gradient under an externally applied DC electric field. This force originates from the two mechanisms: (i) gradient of electrohydrodynamic pressure around the particle developed by the Coulombic force acting on induced free charges by the concentration polarization, and (ii) dielectric force due to nonuniform electric field induced by the conductivity gradient. A perturbation analysis is performed for the electric field, the concentration field, and the hydrodynamic field, under the assumptions of creeping flow and small concentration gradient. The leading order component of this force acting on a dielectric spherical particle is obtained by integrating the Maxwell and the hydrodynamic stress tensors. The analytical results are validated by comparing the surface pressure and the skin friction to those of a numerical analysis. The CP force is proportional to square of the applied electric field, effective for electrically neutral particles, and always directs towards the region of higher ionic concentration. The magnitude of the CP force is compared to that of the electrophoretic and the conventional dielectrophoretic forces. 相似文献
998.
Experimental analysis of floc size distributions in a 1-L jar under different hydrodynamics and physicochemical conditions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study focuses on the relation among hydrodynamics, physicochemical conditions, and floc size. During ortho-kinetic flocculation, the floc size is controlled by a balance between hydrodynamic stress and aggregate strength. Special attention was paid to the influence of a hydrodynamic sequencing on both the aggregate strength and the flocculation processes. Experimental research was conducted in a 1-L jar for two different pH values. The hydrodynamic sequencing was made up of successive slow and rapid mixing periods, and different slow mixing intensities were studied. First, the large floc size was shown to decrease with increasing velocity gradient (G), with an expected trend (d proportional variant epsilon(-1/4)). Then, the aggregate strength was shown to depend on two main factors: the flocculation history and the physicochemical conditions, which control the cohesion forces between primary particles. Finally, flocculation processes are discussed in terms of aggregation and breakup phenomena, with relation to local hydrodynamics and physicochemical conditions. 相似文献
999.
The resolving ability of 2-O-(2-hydroxybutyl)-beta-CD (HB-beta-CD) with different degrees of substitution (DS = 2.9 and 4.0) as a chiral selector in CZE is reported in this work. Fourteen chiral drugs belonging to different classes of compounds of pharmaceutical interest such as beta-agonists, antifungal agents, ageneric agents, etc., were resolved. The effects of the DS of HB-beta-CD on separations were also investigated. The chiral resolution (R(s)) was strongly influenced by the concentrations of the CD derivative, the BGE, and the pH of the BGE. Under the conditions of 50 mmol/L Tris-phosphate buffer at pH 2.5 containing 5 mmol/L HB-beta-CD, all 14 analytes were separated. The very low concentration necessary to obtain separation was particularly impressive. The DS had a significant effect on the resolution of the chiral drugs and the ionic strength of the separation media; hence, the use of a well-characterized CD derivative is crucial. 相似文献
1000.